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CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND HUMAN RIGHTS: A STUDY ON LABOUR WELFARE PRACTICES IN BIHAR

Authors:

FAHIM ANJUM,

Prof. HIMANSHU GUPTA

ABSTRACT:

This study explores the critical intersection between Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Human Rights, with a specific emphasis on labour welfare practices in Bihar, a state marked by a large informal workforce and challenging socio-economic conditions. The enactment of the Companies Act, 2013 in India has made CSR a legal obligation for companies meeting certain financial criteria, thereby institutionalizing corporate philanthropy into structured responsibility. Among the many facets of CSR, labour rights—including fair wages, decent working conditions, occupational safety, and access to health and welfare schemes—stand out as fundamental human rights concerns.

The primary aim of this research is to investigate whether CSR initiatives are effectively addressing these labour rights within industrial and service sectors in Bihar. A dual- survey approach has been adopted, collecting data from two key groups: the workers themselves and CSR managers from relevant firms. By doing so, the research attempts to understand not just the policy framework but also its practical impact and the perceptual gap between planners and beneficiaries.

The research methodology includes a descriptive design using structured questionnaires, with statistical analysis conducted through Excel/SPSS. Early findings suggest a considerable gap between CSR declarations and implementation, especially in small and medium enterprises. While larger corporations often have robust CSR wings, smaller companies tend to view it as compliance rather than a strategic tool for sustainable growth.

The results offer valuable insights into policy implications and strategic directions for integrating human rights more effectively into CSR models. The study aims to contribute both academically and practically by suggesting measurable strategies for corporations to enhance their role in upholding labour rights and creating inclusive growth.

The conclusions drawn will serve as a reference point for CSR policy designers, corporate decision-makers, and regulators, aiming to bridge the policy-practice divide and reinforce the importance of ethical corporate behavior in the socio-economic landscape of India.