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To Study the PCOS (Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome) in a Region of Punjab District Fatehgarh Sahib

Ashu Rani

Student of Medical lab sciences at bhai gurdas degree college sangrur.punjab india

Abstract

This research explores the biopsychosocial dimensions of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) among urban women in Mandi Gobindgarh, Punjab. The study involves 100 participants (50 diagnosed with PCOS and 50 control subjects) and uses a mixed-methods approach, including surveys, interviews, and participant observation. Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine and metabolic disorder that affects women of reproductive age and is increasingly recognized as a public health concern in India, particularly in urban areas undergoing rapid lifestyle and dietary transitions. This thesis aims to investigate the prevalence, influencing factors, clinical manifestations, and psychosocial implications of PCOS among urban Indian women, with a specific focus on Mandi Gobindgarh, Punjab.Using a mixed-methods approach combining quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews, the study involved 100 participants (50 diagnosed with PCOS and 50 controls) from urban populations. Participants were recruited from RIMT Hospital and through word of mouth. Data collection involved structured questionnaires assessing psychological general well-being (PGWB), body image perception, gender identity, lifestyle, and medical history, supplemented by physical examinations and biochemical tests, including hormone profiles (FSH, LH, AMH, estrogen, SHBG, HCG), insulin levels, glucose tolerance, and ultrasonography.The findings reveal that PCOS prevalence in urban areas was significantly higher (8.9%) compared to rural populations (1%). Most urban participants were found to be overweight or obese, with a mean BMI of 26.5 ± 0.4 kg/m² among PCOS patients. The high intake of junk food, sedentary lifestyles, and chronic stress were commonly reported among urban women. Despite high awareness levels (90.24% in urban vs. 8.34% in rural), misconceptions and delayed diagnosis persist. Interestingly, while biochemical markers such as elevated LH and insulin levels were consistent among PCOS patients, psychosocial issues such as poor body image, anxiety, and diminished self-esteem were also prominent, suggesting a holistic impact of PCOS beyond its physical symptoms.Qualitative insights further highlighted the challenges faced by women with PCOS, including societal pressure, marital expectations, emotional distress, and lack of support, particularly among those living in joint family settings or away from their own familial networks. The study observed that even mild PCOS phenotypes, when left undiagnosed or untreated, contributed to psychological distress and reduced quality of life.The results underscore the necessity for early screening using culturally sensitive diagnostic tools (e.g., Asian BMI standards), public education campaigns, and multidisciplinary approaches combining medical, psychological, and lifestyle interventions. The thesis calls for further research into the biopsychosocial trajectories of PCOS in India, with emphasis on marital status, socioeconomic background, geographic location, and evolving gender norms in urban Indian society.

Keywords: polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS), Urban India, Biopsychosocial Health, Obesity, Endocrine Disorder Women's Health Body Image Insulin Resistance Lifestyle Disease Reproductive Health Psychosocial Impact