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Design and Development of Automotive On-Board Diagnostic Protocol System

Priti Dattaray Hagawane

Department of Electronics and Telecommunication
SVPM College of Engineering, Baramati, Pune
hagawanepriti@gmail.com

Dr. Nitin B. Dhaygude
Department of Electronics and Telecommunication
SVPM College of Engineering, Baramati, Pune
nbdhaigude@engg.svpm.org.in

Abstract- The increasing complexity of modern
vehicles necessitates the use of multiple Electronics
Control Units (ECUs) to manage and monitor various
functions. Communication between these ECUs is
facilitated by the Controller Area Network (CAN)
protocol, which handles the Physical and Data Link
layers of the OSI model but lacks advanced diagnostic
capabilities. To address this, standardized diagnostic
protocols such as On-Board Diagnostics (OBD2) have
been developed, providing a comprehensive framework
for fault detection and in-vehicle communication. This
paper presents the design and implementation of the
OBD2 protocol on an embedded system using
STM32F407 microcontrollers. The project aims to
establish a diagnostic communication system between
ECUs and Tester Tool. Primary function of this ECU is
to measure ambient temperature and Throttle Position.
ECU and Tester tools are connected via a CAN bus. The
implementation leverages the ISO 15031 standard to
ensure reliable and standardized diagnostic services.
Keywords: On-Board Diagnostics (OBD2), ISO
15031, Electronic Control Unit (ECU), Body Control
Module (BCM), Light Control Module (LCM),
Controller Area Network (CAN), Diagnostic Trouble
Code (DTC), Routine Control Identifier (RID), Data
Identifier (DID), ISO-TP (Transport Protocol)