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Waste to Energy: Arduino Based Thermoelectric Energy Harvesting

Cellamaran.G Mrs.S.Sumitha Pandit Mca .,M.Phil.,Net.,(Ph.D)
Department of Computer Science - PG
Kongunadu Arts and Science College
Coimbatore-641029

ABSTRACT:There is a pressing requirement for alternative, clean, and locally available energy sources in light of the rapid rise in global energy demand and solid waste generation. Every day, heat from burning waste, hot surfaces, industrial exhaust, cooking stoves, boilers, and other thermal processes waste a significant amount of energy. It is possible to reduce reliance on conventional power sources and support sustainable waste management practices if this waste heat is able to be captured and converted into electrical energy. Utilizing thermoelectric energy harvesting, the primary objective of this project is to generate electrical power from waste heat. Based on the Seebeck effect, a thermoelectric generator (TEG) generates voltage when a temperature difference exists between its hot and cold sides. The TEG receives heat from any hot surface or waste burning in the proposed system. In order to raise the temperature gradient and boost output voltage, a cooling fan helps keep the cold side of the device at a constant temperature. The operating temperature is tracked by a temperature sensor, and the smoke level is tracked by a smoke sensor to ensure safety when waste is burned. Temperature-based control of the fan and load is done with a W1209 thermostat module. A 162 LCD displays real-time parameters, a microcontroller (Arduino/ESP32) reads sensor values, and a relay module switches the fan or load as needed. Monitoring and safety features are provided by the system, which demonstrates a practical method for converting waste heat into electrical energy. The implementation of low-cost clean technology, pollution awareness, and energy conservation are all aided by this strategy.
KEYWORDS:Waste Heat Recovery, Thermoelectric Generator, ESP32, Energy Harvesting, Seebeck Effect, Renewable Energy