IoT-Driven Women Safety Framework: An Intelligent Real-Time Detection and Alert Mechanism

Authors:

Bobba Thambi Aashish^*1, Nishanth Babbula², Tirumalaraju Deepika Varma³   and Kavya Kanne^4*

^{*1Student, Dept. of CSE, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Bachupally, Hyderabad, Telangana INDIA bobbat20@gmail.com}

^{2Student, Dept. of CSE, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Bachupally, Hyderabad, Telangana INDIA}

^{3Student, Dept. of CSE, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Bachupally, Hyderabad, Telangana INDIA}

^{4Student, Dept. of CSE, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Bachupally, Hyderabad, Telangana INDIA}

Abstract— Personal safety for women remains a pressing global challenge, with incidents of harassment, assault, and domestic violence continuing to rise across societies. The Internet of Things (IoT) offers a transformative approach to addressing these real-world safety challenges. This paper presents a thorough examination of existing literature on IoT-enabled safety solutions designed for women, analyzing their core features, sensor configurations, wearable form factors, and integrated machine learning methodologies. The study reveals that multiple sensor modalities—including pressure, pulse rate, and environmental sensors—are widely deployed to capture physiological and situational indicators of distress. Communication technologies such as Arduino microcontrollers, GPS positioning, and GSM-based messaging are consistently utilized to dispatch emergency notifications. Building on these insights, this paper introduces a refined architectural model that defines the essential building blocks for constructing next-generation women's safety IoT devices. Special emphasis is placed on combining heterogeneous sensor inputs to enrich data quality and improve threat detection accuracy.

Keywords— Women's Safety, Arduino UNO, Heartbeat Sensor, GPS Module, GSM Module, IoT.