A Review Paper on Adaptive Facade Systems for Energy-Efficient and Sustainable Buildings
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A Review Paper on Adaptive Facade Systems for Energy-Efficient and Sustainable Buildings
S. M. Saste1, Rupa R Yadav2, Anjali M Bidwe3, Disha M Patil4, M. S. Malandkar5
1,5Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Technological University, Lonere
2,3,4UG Students, Department of Civil Engineering, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Technological University, Lonere
Abstract - With rising global concerns about climate change, urban heat islands, and unsustainable energy consumption, the construction industry is rapidly adopting advanced technologies to reduce environmental impact. One of the most promising innovations in this field is the development of adaptive façade systems—intelligent building envelopes capable of responding to real-time environmental conditions such as sunlight intensity, temperature, and wind direction. These facades enhance energy performance by regulating solar heat gain, natural ventilation, daylighting, and thermal insulation based on user comfort and climatic inputs. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the latest trends, technologies, and applications of adaptive facades in modern architecture. It categorizes façade systems based on their functions, movement mechanisms, materials, and control strategies. Key case studies of international buildings are also analyzed to illustrate practical implementation and performance outcomes. Furthermore, this paper discusses the challenges associated with adaptive facades, including high installation costs, integration complexity, and long-term reliability. The study concludes by identifying future research opportunities focused on smart materials, AI-driven controls, and affordable scalable solutions that align with the global pursuit of energy-efficient and sustainable built environments.
Key Words: Adaptive façade, Daylighting, Dynamic shading, Energy efficiency, IoT integration, Smart materials, Sustainable buildings, Thermal comfort.
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