ANALYSIS OF CAFFEINE CONTENT IN DIFFERENT COFFEE BEVERAGES: EFFECT OF BREWING TECHNIQUES ON EXTRACTION EFFICIENCY AND CONSUMER EXPOSURE
ANALYSIS OF CAFFEINE CONTENT IN DIFFERENT COFFEE BEVERAGES: EFFECT OF BREWING TECHNIQUES ON EXTRACTION EFFICIENCY AND CONSUMER EXPOSURE
Authors:
1 Lilesh H. Pustode, Assistant Professor, DFT, BIT, Ballarpur
2 Dr. Prashant S. Watkar, HOD, DFT, BIT, Ballarpur
3 Pooja T. Wankar, Research Scholar, DFT, BIT, Ballarpur
4 Prachi S. Tajane , Research Scholar, DFT, BIT, Ballarpur
5 Pranali M. Khobragade, Research Scholar, DFT, BIT, Ballarpur
Abstract:
Coffee is one of the most widely consumed beverages worldwide and represents a major source of dietary caffeine, a bioactive compound known for its stimulant effects on the central nervous system. The caffeine content of coffee beverages is influenced by factors such as coffee bean species, roasting conditions, grind size, brewing temperature, pressure, and extraction time. This study evaluated the caffeine content and extraction efficiency of five popular coffee beverages—Espresso, Latte, Cold Brew, Cappuccino, and Americano—prepared using a standardized 70:30 Arabica–Robusta blend under controlled laboratory conditions. Caffeine content was determined and compared based on serving size and caffeine density. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed among the beverages. Cold Brew exhibited the highest caffeine content (150 ± 4.3 mg/serving), attributed to its prolonged extraction period, whereas Latte contained the lowest caffeine content (60 ± 2.1 mg/serving). Espresso showed the highest caffeine density (2.67 mg/mL), indicating superior extraction efficiency due to pressure-assisted brewing. Americano and Cappuccino displayed intermediate caffeine levels because of dilution with water and milk, respectively. A strong positive correlation (R² = 0.91) was observed between extraction time and caffeine yield, highlighting the importance of brewing duration in caffeine recovery. The findings demonstrate that brewing methodology significantly influences caffeine concentration and consumer exposure, providing valuable information for beverage standardization, product development, nutritional labeling, and informed coffee consumption.
Keywords: Coffee, Caffeine, Brewing Methods, Cold Brew, Espresso, Extraction Efficiency