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Biochemical Profile of Patients Suffering from Iron Deficiency Anemia

Masroor Nasir mir,Mr,Gagandeep singh2,seema rani3

Masters Student of Msc. Medical Labortory Technology,Desh Bhagat University, Mandi Gobindgarh punjab india

Assistant Professor,Department of Alliled health sciences ,Desh Bhagat University, Mandi Gobindgarh, punjab india

Assistant Professor,Department of Alliled health sciences ,Desh Bhagat University, Mandi Gobindgarh punjab india

Abstract:

Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) remains the most prevalent nutritional disorder globally, particularlyaffecting women and children in developing countries. This study aims to investigate thebiochemical profile of patients diagnosed with IDA to understand the extent of iron depletion and associated metabolic disruptions. Parameters including serum ferritin, serum iron, total iron-binding capacity (TIBC), transferrin saturation, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and red blood cell indices were assessed. The study found significant deviations in these biochemical markers, supporting their role as diagnostic and monitoring tools in IDA. Our findings reinforce the importance of early biochemical screening to enable timely intervention and prevent complications associated with prolonged anaemia. Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) is the most prevalent form of nutritional anaemia worldwide, contributing significantly to global morbidity, particularly among women of reproductive age, children, and individuals from low socio-economic backgrounds.Characterized by a reduction in hemoglobin levels due to insufficient iron availability, IDA impairs oxygen transport and adversely affects physical and cognitive performance. Despite being preventable and treatable, its persistence indicates gaps in early diagnosis and effective monitoring.This study focuses on evaluating the biochemical profile of patients suffering from IDA, with the aim of identifying key diagnostic markers that reflect the iron status and metabolic alterations associated with the condition. A total of 100 patients clinically diagnosed with IDA were assessed for various biochemical parameters including serum ferritin, serum iron, total iron-binding capacity (TIBC), transferrin saturation, hemoglobin concentration, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and red blood cell indices. The results revealed consistent patterns of iron depletion—marked by low serum ferritin and iron levels, high TIBC, reduced transferrin saturation, and microcytic hypochromic anemia on peripheral smear.Statistical analysis showed a significant correlation between serum ferritin and hemoglobin levels, underscoring the clinical importance of ferritin as a sensitive biomarker for iron deficiency. Additionally, gender-based analysis indicated that females exhibited more severe biochemical derangements compared to males.

Keywords:

Iron deficiency anaemia, biochemical profile, serum ferritin, TIBC, transferrin saturation,hemoglobin, MCV, iron metabolism.