Compact Hexagonal MIMO Antenna with Enhanced Bandwidth and Isolation for Adaptive 5G/6G Applications

M.Lakshmi thirupathamma M.Tech
Assistant Professor , Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Seshadri Rao Gudlavalleru
Engineering College Gudlavalleru, Andhra Pradesh, India
M.Y.N.Neelima Sai , M.Harshitha Sai Sri , M.K.N.V.Raghuram , P.Charith Sai Final Year Students,
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering
Seshadri Rao Gudlavalleru Engineering College Gudlavalleru, Andhra Pradesh, India

ABSTRACT:This paper presents a compact microstrip antenna array with enhanced isolation achieved using a hexagonal complementary split-ring resonator (CSRR) metamaterial structure. Mutual coupling between closely spaced antenna elements degrades radiation performance and limits MIMO system efficiency. Toaddress this critical issue, a hexagonal CSRR isintroduced between two identical rectangular patch  ante nnas to suppress surface current propagation. Theproposed structure creates a stopband effect at theoperating frequency,effectively  reducing electromagnetic interaction between the antenna elements. Simulation results using ANSYS HFSS demonstrate a significant improvement in isolation without increasing array size or degrading impedance matching. Surface current distribution analysisconfirms that the CSRR efficiently blocks coupled  currents between adjacent patches. The antenna achievs a return loss of approximately -28 dB andexcellent isolation characteristics, while maintaining  stable radiation patterns and satisfactory gain. Due to its  compact size, simple geometry, and effectivemutual coupling reduction, the proposed antenna array is well suited for modern wireless communication and MIMO applications across 5G and 6G frequencybands.Index Terms— Microstrip antenna array, mutual coupling reduction, complementary split-ring resonator ( CSRR),metamaterial, MIMO antenna, isolation enhancement,5G/6G applications