Current Trends and Challenges of Solid Waste Management in India

Dr. Surat Sheikh1

Abstract:Solid waste management in India has emerged as a critical environmental and public health concern due to rapid urbanization, population growth, and changing consumption patterns. In recent years, the country has witnessed significant developments in waste management practices, including the implementation of national initiatives such as the Swachh Bharat Mission, promotion of waste segregation at source, and increased adoption of recycling and composting techniques. Technological advancements, such as waste-to-energy plants and digital monitoring systems, are also shaping modern waste management frameworks.Despite these positive trends, numerous challenges persist. Inefficient waste collection and segregation, inadequate infrastructure, lack of public awareness, and financial constraints hinder effective implementation. Additionally, the informal sector’s integration into formal systems remains limited, and improper disposal practices continue to contributeto environmental pollution and health risks. Rural areas, in particular, face difficulties due to limited resources and institutional support.This study highlights the current trends and identifies key challenges in India’s solid waste management system, emphasizing the need for sustainable policies, community participation, and innovative solutions to achieve long-termenvironmental sustainability and improved quality of life
Keywords: Solid Waste Management, Municipal Solid Waste, Waste Segregation, Recycling and Resource Recovery,Sustainable Development, Swachh Bharat Mission.