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Decolorization of Azo Dyes by Edible Mushrooms; Agaricus Bisporus and Pleurotus Ostreatus and Phytotoxicity Assessment of Treated Effluent.

Mansi Mumbaikar1, Shailee Modiya1, Pinisha Katrodiya1, Urjita Sheth2*

1Department of Microbiology, Vanita Vishram Women’s University, Surat

2Department of Biotechnology, Vanita Vishram Women’s University, Surat

Abstract

The extensive use of synthetic azo dyes in textile industries has led to significant environmental pollution due to the release of dye-laden wastewater. Conventional dye removal techniques are often expensive, inefficient, and result in secondary pollution. This study investigates the mycoremediation potential of two edible mushrooms, Agaricus bisporus (button mushroom) and Pleurotus ostreatus (oyster mushroom), for the decolorization of blue and orange azo dyes. The study further evaluates the phytotoxicity of both untreated and mushroom-treated dye solutions on leguminous plants such as Vigna radiata (mung), Cicer arietinum (chickpea), Vigna aconitifolia (moth bean), and Phaseolus vulgaris (kidney bean). Experiments were conducted under varying physical parameters—temperature, pH, and salt concentration—to determine their influence on dye decolorization efficiency. Results demonstrate significant dye removal capabilities of both mushroom species, with Pleurotus ostreatus showing higher enzymatic activity under optimized conditions. The treated effluents also showed a notable reduction in phytotoxic effects compared to untreated dyes, indicating the potential of fungal-based systems for eco-friendly bioremediation of textile wastewater.