Evaluation of Physico-chemical Parameters of Groundwater in Semariya Kushal Village, Banda District
Evaluation of Physico-chemical Parameters of Groundwater in Semariya Kushal Village, Banda District
Anil Kumar1, Research Scholar (Environment Science)
Prof. Sadhana Chaurasia2 Head, Department of Energy & Environment,
MGCGV Chitrakoot Satna MP 485334
E-mail: anilkumar951917@gmail.com, sadhanamgcgv@gmail.com
Abstract
Groundwater serves as the primary source of drinking water for rural populations in India, and its quality is closely associated with human health and sustainable development. This study investigated the physicochemical properties of groundwater in Semariya Kushal village, Banda district, Uttar Pradesh, to evaluate its suitability for drinking. Five groundwater samples were obtained from hand pumps situated at major public locations within the village. Nine physicochemical parameters-color, odor, turbidity, pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, total hardness, alkalinity, and fluoride—were analyzed using standard protocols recommended by APHA, AWWA, and WPCF.
The analytical results indicated that groundwater samples from all locations were clear, colorless, and free from objectionable odor. Turbidity values ranged from 0.50 to 0.54 NTU, remaining well within the permissible limits established by the World Health Organization (WHO). The pH values ranged from 7.50 to 7.72, reflecting a neutral to slightly alkaline character. The electrical conductivity ranged from 342 to 365 µmhos/cm, and the total dissolved solids (TDS) concentrations ranged from 542 to 580 mg/l. This shows that the water was moderately mineralized. Total hardness values between 210 and 240 mg/l classified the water as moderately hard yet suitable for domestic use. Alkalinity values ranged from 163 to 164 mg/l, remaining within the permissible limits of the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) and demonstrating good buffering capacity. Fluoride concentrations varied between 0.001 and 0.3 mg/l, remaining within safe limits at all sampling sites.
Overall, the groundwater quality of Semariya Kushal village is largely suitable for drinking purposes; however, localized contamination and elevated alkalinity indicate the need for regular monitoring and proper management to ensure safe and sustainable ground use.
Keywords: Groundwater, Physicochemical Parameters, Semariya Kushal, Odor, Regular Monitoring etc.