Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV): An Emerging Respiratory Pathogen and Its Global Impact
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Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV): An Emerging Respiratory Pathogen and Its Global Impact
Piyush Kanta Panda Student(BBA)
Kalinga University, Naya Raipur, Raipur, C.G.
Sameer Sahu Student(BBA)
Kalinga University, Naya Raipur, Raipur, C.G.
Spandan Kumar Devta Student(BBA)
Kalinga University, Naya Raipur, Raipur, C.G.
Adarsh Padhi Student(BBA)
Kalinga University, Naya Raipur, Raipur, C.G.
Mr. Rakshak Bharti Assistant Professor,
Kalinga University, Naya Raipur, Raipur, C.G.
Abstract
Human metapneumovirus (hMPV), a significant cause of respiratory infections, particularly affects infants, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals. First identified in 2001, hMPV belongs to the Paramyxoviridae family and shares clinical and epidemiological similarities with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). This study aims to investigate hMPV's molecular epidemiology, pathogenesis, and potential therapeutic strategies to mitigate its global health impact. Recent data highlight the seasonal nature of hMPV infections,
predominantly in late winter and spring, with variations in genotype prevalence over time.
The virus elicits a range of respiratory symptoms, from mild upper respiratory illness to severe bronchiolitis and pneumonia, with severe cases often requiring hospitalization.
Despite its clinical importance, no licensed vaccines or targeted antiviral therapies for hMPV exist. Advances in reverse genetics systems and animal models have deepened our
understanding of viral replication, immune evasion mechanisms, and host immune responses. Promising vaccine candidates, including subunit, vector-based, and live- attenuated vaccines, are under development. Furthermore, monoclonal antibodies and small-molecule inhibitors have shown potential in preclinical and early-phase trials. This
research underscores the need for heightened surveillance, improved diagnostic tools, and accelerated therapeutic development to address hMPV's burden effectively. By advancing the understanding of hMPV’s virology and immunopathology, this study contributes to the broader goal of enhancing global respiratory health.
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