Numerical Analysis of All-Optical Logic Gates Based on Photonic Crystal

Authors:

Arasu K ¹. Dhanush M ¹. Dharanidharan K ¹. Karthikeyan D ¹. Rubini P ².

ABSTRACT:

We present the design and simulation of all-optical NAND, NOR, XNOR, and NOT logic gates using a two-dimensional photonic crystal structure. The gates exploit resonance and interference effects in a silicon–air lattice to achieve reliable logical operations at the communication wavelength of 1.56 μm. Simulation results confirm high contrast ratios (6.44– 9.22 dB), ultrafast switching speeds (~0.14 ps), and low insertion losses (<1 dB). The proposed reconfigurable structure demonstrates compact footprint (199.5 μm²) and scalability for integrated photonic circuits, highlighting its potential in ultrafast optical computing and communication systems.

KEYWORDS:

Integrated Photonics, Optical Logic Gates, NAND Gate, NOR Gate, XNOR Gate, NOT Gate, Waveguide Design, All- Optical Computing, Photonic Integrated Circuits (PIC), Contrast Ratio (CR).