Smart Traffic Management System for Emergency Vehicles (GPS Approch)

Authors:

Sidharthan V, Shivam Shankar Takur, Mr.Arun.M, Dr.Senthilvelan.G, Dr.S.Mohan Doss

1,2Students, Department of CSE

3,4Assistant Professor, Department of CSE

5 Additional HOD,Department of Cyber Security

Dr. MGR Educational and Research Institute,Maduravoyal,Chennai. sidharth123x@gmail.com shivamthakur0620@gmail.com

Abstract:

In urban environments, the "Golden Hour"—the critical window for life-saving medical intervention—is often compromised by severe traffic congestion, which significantly delays emergency response vehicles like ambulances and fire trucks. Traditional traffic management systems, which rely on manual intervention or fixed-time signals, are frequently inadequate during these high-pressure scenarios. This project introduces an automated, central web-based solution designed to bridge the communication gap between GPS-enabled emergency vehicles and city traffic infrastructure.The system is built on a robust MERN stack (MongoDB, Express.js, React.js, and Node.js) and utilizes real-time geospatial data through OpenStreetMap and Leaflet integration. The core functionality revolves around a dynamic geofencing approach: when an emergency vehicle, active in "Emergency Mode" via a central call center, enters a predefined 300m–500m radius of a traffic signal, the system automatically triggers a green light. This "priority path" is maintained until the vehicle successfully clears the intersection, at which point the signal reverts to its normal operational cycle.To handle complex urban scenarios, the system incorporates a priority-based conflict resolution algorithm that manages intersections where multiple emergency vehicles converge simultaneously, clearing the nearest vehicle first to maximize efficiency. By automating signal preemption and providing real-time route visualization, this project aims to significantly reduce emergency transit times, minimize human error in traffic control, and ultimately improve survival rates in critical situations.

Keywords: Smart Traffic Management, Emergency Vehicle Preemption, GPS Tracking, Geofencing, MERN Stack, OpenStreetMap, Real-time Systems, Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), Priority Dispatch, Urban Infrastructure.