Utilization of Bagasse Ash in Concrete: Reducing Cement Consumption for a Sustainable Future

Reddy Venkata Vydehi1, P. Praveen2, V. Anusha3

1 Reddy Venkata Vydehi, PG Student, Department of Civil Engg. & Vikas College of College Engineering & Technology.

2,P. Praveen, Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engg. & Vikas College of College Engineering & Technology

3,V. Anusha, Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engg. & Vikas College of College Engineering & Technology

Abstract - The global construction industry’s reliance on concrete has surged, driven by rapid urbanization and infrastructure development. However, this growth has intensified environmental challenges, primarily due to the substantial carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions associated with cement production, which accounts for approximately 8% of global CO2 emissions. In response to this pressing issue, this study investigates the utilization of bagasse ash—a byproduct of sugarcane processing—as a partial replacement for cement in concrete to promote sustainability. Bagasse ash, characterized by its high silica content and pozzolanic properties, presents a viable alternative that can reduce cement consumption while enhancing the performance of concrete.

Experimental research was conducted to evaluate the feasibility of incorporating bagasse ash into concrete mixes. Various replacement levels of cement with bagasse ash (0%, 10%, 20%, and 30% by weight) were tested to assess key properties such as compressive strength, workability, and durability. The concrete specimens were prepared under controlled conditions, and their performance was monitored over a curing period of 28 days. The results revealed that concrete mixes with up to 20% bagasse ash exhibited compressive strength comparable to or slightly better than conventional concrete, owing to the pozzolanic reaction that enhances the microstructure. Additionally, the workability of the mixes remained acceptable with proper adjustments to the water-cement ratio, while durability tests indicated improved resistance to sulfate attack and reduced permeability.

The incorporation of bagasse ash not only mitigates the environmental impact by reducing the demand for cement but also provides an effective waste management solution for the sugar industry. This study estimates a potential reduction of 15-20% in CO2 emissions per cubic meter of concrete produced with 20% bagasse ash replacement. These findings underscore the potential of bagasse ash as an eco-friendly supplementary cementitious material, offering a pathway to greener construction practices. By integrating such sustainable materials, the construction sector can contribute significantly to a low-carbon future, aligning with global efforts to combat climate change.

Key Words:  Bagasse Ash, Sustainable Concrete, Cement Replacement, Pozzolanic Material, Eco-Friendly Construction.